Breed called the long-bred group of animals of one species with the typical, the same external characteristics and patterns of behavior that distinguishes them from animals with typical features and characteristics that are passed on to offspring under the same conditions of detention. Group of animals are considered, the pairing is not a relative of.

 

If within a species there are small groups of individuals that differ from the basic standard of the breed minor, insignificant deviations of the external signs, it is a mutation.

 

Since cats are the main criterion for external signs (exterior), to distinguish between rock and mutations sometimes difficult.

So often a group of cats that major external morphological features are similar and they differ, for example, coat color, referred to as a tribal group (such as Siamese cats, Persian, Burmese, etc.). In addition, many organizations in the maintenance and education of cat breeds recognized only purebred cats are included in the official list of species. Specified in the list on the rocks there are appropriate standards (they publish these organizations), and the rocks are designated numbers and letters.

 

Cats are not a great variety of external forms, despite their large number and wide distribution in different parts of the globe. Breeding work with the most active have started since the beginning of this century. However, it is difficult to judge how much the world of purebred cats. Indisputable is the fact that the vast majority of them, including widespread in Belarus, belongs to the outbred.

 

total in the world to date, standardized by about 57 breeds of cats, including more than 250 species, depending on coat color. The book is a list of registered breeds, and their classification into groups for the conduct of tribal books and a brief description of the groups and species. The book includes breeds of purebred cats are known in the world, given a brief description.

 
The origin of this breed is still not fully understood. Apparently, in its formation took part in the Asian steppe desert and cats that lived in ancient times to the Middle Asia. Homeland is Turkey. The animal has become widespread and popular. Without exaggeration we can say that the Persian cat in comparison with most other breeds domesticated. She even lost the ability to catch mice and can not live away from home. This cat in adulthood sticky and has a tendency to obesity, so her diet should be given special attention. It is distinguished by calm, gentle nature and full of confidence in man. Her devotion to a person akin to loyalty to the dog. These signs of nature with good looks make her an aristocrat in the family feline. Bred Persian cat in the world. In Belarus, it has become actively involved in the club "Felinolog".

 

The main feature of the constitution, which is typical for all breeds - the massive body, large round head, in short, thick neck, blunt snout, short and blunt nose, big chin (beard). Head-to-face on a large or medium size. The ears are small and erect, rounded at the tip, wide-set. Eyes large, round, bright, shiny, not deep and not widely planted. The limbs are comparatively short and stout, with long fringes on the toes, which should not be too separated. The tail is relatively short, it touches the ground, not twisted, without the "nodes" with a blunt end and quite overgrown with hair. Hair long, soft, silky, thick, not close to the body and forming a collar around his neck. His ears are long tufts of wool, hair and rich on the outside of the ears.

 

Suit may be varied. In color distinguish 90 varieties. There are pure white suit, black, blue, red, cream, red, purple and black with light silver face and sides, sand with strong black stripes, etc.

 

Coat color in dyed (single color) species should be the same on the body, without pattern or markings and colors. In the striped color pattern and wool must be clear and bright, very different from the primary color. Colour of nose, paws, whiskers, usually corresponds to the main suit. I smoked Persian cats, cats, color "cameo" and "shaded" the difference between the color of the undercoat, the bottom of the hair and the color on the ends of the hairs are very clear. Eye color is set for each breed.

 

These estimates are used for all breeds of Persians.

 

This group of purebred cats, which can be regarded as a kind of transitional group to the long-haired Persian cat breed was officially recognized in 1981 FIFE It features a large variety of rocks.

 

From the long-haired cats, this breed is distinguished primarily by a few elongated head, more triangular in shape, with longer ears significantly higher limbs, long torso, and most importantly - the length and quality of wool. Coat this breed has a pronounced undercoat and top coat, and in summer the predominant hair coat guard hairs and undercoat rare. The tail of these cats is longer than the Persian, and hairy.

 

This group includes the following breeds: Burmese, Turkish Van cat and Angora, Norwegian Forest, Somali, Manx raccoon. According to the structure and composition of body hair on Persian cats are like most Burmese.

 
Even in ancient times cats that are on coat color were similar to Siamese, kept and respected priests in the temples and monasteries in Burma. Therefore they are called sacred Burmese cats. The breed was formed in the 30s in the U.S. by crossing cats imported from Burma, the Persian. From the U.S. then spread to England and other countries. The most active work with this breed was carried out after the 2nd World War.

 

This long-haired cat with typical markings characteristic of the Siamese, and white "socks" on the extremities. They are very popular.

 

Burmese cats are very affectionate, inquisitive, are tied to the owners (especially children) have a soft voice and often it is served. However, there may be stubborn and even obnoxious at achieving the goal. They are afraid of the cold and like to sleep under a blanket. In some cases, they become very timid, run away and hide, especially when strangers come. Sometimes allow them to stroke themselves and even take on his knees. Peacefully coexist with dogs, rabbits and other animals.

 

The body of their medium size, slightly elongated, the limbs are short and thick. Males are much more massive than cats. The head is powerful, round, open forehead, nose short, snub-nosed, should not be direct, like Siamese cats, without the "Piglet", which is characteristic of Persian cats. These cats are characterized by marked chin. Oval head should not resemble the Persian cat's head. The ears are small (less than the ears, the higher the score on the exterior), but not too much standing. Whiskers long and thick. The eyes are round or slightly oval, deep blue. Tail of medium length, elegant shape, the base is covered with sparse hair on end with a thick wool, wooly. At rest hanging down, but the movement is usually raised up, often the position and shape of the tail resemble the tail proteins. On the tail should not be noticeable folds or "nodes". Coat in this breed silky, long or medium length, the back and sides is very long. The muzzle has a Burmese cat hair shorter, but extended to the cheeks (the cheeks). Around his neck is formed visible collar. Coat of color reminiscent of an eggshell white color on the back with golden overflow with typical Burmese cats with blue markings on the belly fur is white. On the face, ears, feet and tail coat color is the same as in Siamese cats (akromelanizm). Brown or blue markings. The peculiarity of this breed - white paws ("socks"). They are pure white, ending in phalanxes, sometimes go on foot, but the white color should not rise too high. On the hind legs white coat comes to heel. If the "toes" of a color not on this place a limb or "sock" is too high and not pure white, this individual can not claim the prize at the shows. A characteristic feature - the uniformity of color and symmetrical arrangement of "socks", and takes into consideration the color and shape "socks" on all limbs. White spots on a brown background coat give reason to remove the animal from the exhibition. Such individuals are not suitable for breeding.

 
This long-haired breed originates from Turkey is different from the Persians. Imported from England in 1955, which was completed by selection of its formation. Very nice, friendly, affectionate, obliging, medium-sized, stocky.

 

hair long, soft, silky, wavy, without undercoat, the coat color is whitish (the color of plaster), without yellowing. On the face chestnut-red patches, ears, white nose, paws and ears inside of the light pink color (the color of the shell). The trunk is long, but massive, the legs of medium length, feet round, with setae on the toes. Cats muscular shoulders, the head short, muzzle in the shape of a triangle. The ears are close to each other, the nose is long. Eyes large, set high, round, light-amber color with a pink rim forever. Tail of medium length, shaggy, chestnut-red with circles of pale chestnut, which in young animals is much darker.

 
The breed was formed in Turkey. It is considered the ancestor of the Persian cat. It is also assumed that it arose from crosses of local home and Caucasian wild (forest) cats. His name was inherited from the Angora (now Ankara). The standard has not been approved, this breed is not in the description of the rocks of the International Federation.

 

These cats are very beautiful, gentle and affectionate different nature with respect to the owners. Intelligent, quickly perceive and learn the requirements of man. On the other hand, they are characterized by a certain slowness and phlegm.

 

coat of medium length, thin, silky, soft to the touch, close to the body. On the neck and shoulders long, forming a ruff. On the stomach may be wavy. The undercoat is weak (especially on the back). More common white cat suit. In Europe, they are bred just such a suit, in America - different colors: yellow, gray and mixed (different shades of those colors).

 

Turkish Angora are somewhat larger than other breeds. In appearance and character of the coat resembles the Persian, and to some extent - forest cat.

 

Head short, broad, triangular in shape. Chin rounded. The nose is medium, somewhat oblique. Nasal mirror pink. The ears are relatively short, tapered at the ends, some are omitted. Ears are covered with tufts of wool. Eyes large, round or oval, set slightly askew, very expressive, light blue or light amber.

 

Body long, lithe, proportioned, it seems very strong. The rear part of the body slightly elevated. The neck is of medium length, slender, powerful. Chest and shoulders are well developed. The back is muscular, loins broad and strong.

 

The legs are long, strong, beautiful round paws (back longer than front). Claws retracted at rest. Between fingers are tufts of hair.

 

The tail is very long, broad at base, tapering to an end. Throughout covered with long hair. Curved up over his body and rapid movement may even touch the head. Valuation rules for these breeds are the same as for the Turkish Van cats.

 
This is one of the oldest breeds, bred in Norway from the half-bred, domestic longhair cat. Most widespread in the Nordic countries (Norway, Sweden and others). The standard adopted in 1976

 

is characterized by a calm nature, durability and ruggedness, enough is moving and energetic. Body shape, this cat is like a European Shorthair. She has a thick, springy, long body, legs high, and back above. front. The head is triangular in shape, long nose (without the "Piglet" is not a snub-nosed), a fat chin, the ears are long, with small brushes, like a lynx. Outer contours of the ears are straight lines with a muzzle and chin. The eyes are large, open, can be any color. The tail is long and shaggy. Hair long, wavy undercoat, guard hairs shiny, repellent. In summer, wool usually short, without a collar around his neck. Thick hair visible on his chest and chin, as the undercoat rare. Winter coat is formed in the autumn: usually grows rapidly wavy undercoat. The rear part of the "tights" on their hind legs without guard hairs, as covered by long hair. Guard hairs grow in young animals after 3-5 months after birth. Any color is allowed to color and white color combination with another on the legs, abdomen and chest. The estimated signs of this breed - the type and quality of wool. Coat color and pattern are of secondary importance.

 

The main disadvantages in the evaluation: dry or matted, with balding hair, short tail, snub-nosed or short nose, round or rectangular head, a little too wide-set ears, too thin or too elegant body.

 

The group of rocks in a Norwegian forest cat shows are not allowed to include new groups are derived.

 

Somali CAT occurred on the Abyssinian is very popular throughout the world. Long-haired Abyssinian NOSTA-earned reputation from the beginning of this century, but since the gene that determines this trait is recessive, it manifests itself phenotypically only in homozygous individuals. Therefore, individuals with long hair were considered very rare instances, in those days, they are often castrated. Parents who produce kittens with long hair, is not involved in procreation. Only in 1967 in the United States and Canada began to grow members of this rare breed: a long-haired breed was bred Abyssinian, called the Somali and officially recognized by the American Cat Fanciers Association (ALA) as a separate breed. Since 1979, awarded title of representatives of the breed. Currently, the breed are bred in Europe, and since 1982 it has been included in the official list of breeds of cats FIFE.

 

Somali cats are larger than short-haired Abyssinian. The body they have medium length, thick, head of medium length, triangular shape with straight lines, well-developed jaws and a well-defined chin. The ears are large, with setae, relatively long limbs and long tail. Eyes green or amber color. Coat of medium length, soft to the touch and thick shoulders slightly shorter. On the neck collar to the bottom of the trunk - the characteristic "tights." A typical feature of the breed - I coat color of individual hair.

 

Representatives of this breed is very gentle, docile, quiet nature they have. Grooming fairly simple.

 
One of the most common breeds of domestic cats. The average weight of 6-8 kg cat, there are individuals who. Weigh over 10 kg, 5 kg cat. Breed bred in Maine (USA) in 1860 believed that the rock was formed by crossing the Turkish Angora with a striped short-haired cat. Later, however, its relationship with the Turkish cat has not been confirmed. Name the cat got out of the hair and face that looks similar to the face of the American raccoon. The standard adopted in 1983

 

a strong, hardy, intelligent, resistant to environmental conditions, especially in humid and cold weather. Because of these qualities became the favorite pet cat sailors. He is currently a semi-longhair breed officially recognized by the cats, which is spreading in Europe. The representatives of the breed average, even of large size, elongated body, long limbs, the head is relatively broad with a square nose. The ears are large with bristles, large eyes, slightly obliquely, the tail is long and shaggy, with feathered. The coat is silky, dense, freely sloping. On the head and shoulders is much shorter than the abdomen and hind legs, forming a clear collar. The undercoat is soft to the touch. Guard hairs are shorter than the Persian cat, and a moderately fat (to dripping), so the representatives of this breed there is no need to powder. In the summer coat is shorter in winter longer, but the tail is covered with the same thick wool.       Â